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eDiscovery, or electronic discovery, focuses primarily on locating, preserving, and using electronic data for legal evidence in the context of litigation or investigations. This process involves identifying relevant digital information, such as emails, documents, databases, and other electronic files, that may be pertinent to a case. As organizations increasingly rely on digital formats for data storage and communication, eDiscovery has become crucial in ensuring that valuable evidence is retrieved and properly managed within the legal framework.

The other options relate to aspects of the legal process, but they do not capture the essence of eDiscovery. Gathering physical evidence is about non-digital items, conducting expert witness interviews pertains to collecting testimonies rather than data, and transcribing legal documents focuses on converting spoken or written language into text format. Therefore, the correct answer emphasizes the importance of electronic data in the legal context, reinforcing why the choice is centered on electronic data as critical evidence.